1) I don't believe 12step programs are cults. Cults generally have an authoritarian ruler who is always right. In addition there is usually some sort of abuse. I don't see this--and I have been a member of AA for 7 years.
2)Popularity? I am not sure I understand this question. Those who think AA is a cult generally do not attend AA.
3)I have no idea what science has to say about AA. There are certainly scientific opinions and theories on alcoholism.
4)Who gets hurt? geez---I dont know--perhaps folks who expect a 12step program to be something that it is not?

Down, have you ever been a member of a 12-step program? Are your feelings based on personal experience? I would be really interested in knowing why you feel the way you do.