Bipolar is a serious mental illness that does affect out thought processes. I constantly ask myself when I'm in a major depression "am I really sick or just burnt out?" I think your pdoc was right to give you time off of work, but being off work doesn't mean you lay around all day. If anything that's probably the worse thing you can do. Go out and do things that "fill you up". Practice some self care. If you need more structure find a support group you can join, volunteer etc.

Work will always be there. Take care of yourself and give yourself time, you just went through a very serious episode.

As far as your mom you may want to get a book for her called "Loving Someone with Bipolar Disorder" by Julie Fast. It may help her understand. She may also feel like she caused the illness and the negativity that she projected onto you is how she was feeling towards herself.