The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a picture personality test. A psychologist shows you a picture and you tell a story about what you think is happening in the picture.
http://www.guidetopsychology.com/testing.htm
There's the Color Code personality test based on a book by a Dr. Taylor Hartman, but that's just something he made up, is not an agree-upon valid test among psychologists like the TAT is:
http://www.amazon.com/Color-Code-You.../dp/0684848228