I think to win a suit you have to demonstrate both negligence and harm. If the doc said something that pissed you off, such as that you are lazy, that is not enough. The doc who didn't respond to the letter could always say he didn't receive a letter. If he didn't know you, he could not provide advice, as you were not his patient. I think docs usually receive their information firsthand from patients during appointments.
The case with the employer and the swollen ankle sounds like it might merit a complaint to your HR department. If you can show permanent damage to the ankle, there might be a case.
But as Perna has said, suing is expensive. And a hassle!
I have TMJ disorder due to periodontal surgery several years ago. It really irks me this dentist gave me this really painful disorder--he should have stuck to fixing the gums. I have been to a couple of other dentists to try to get some relief and they all say it was caused by this surgery. But what is my recourse? All I really want back is a functional jaw that does not hurt, not money. I would not sue for this because I think it would be mentally unhealthy for me. Plus, it takes a lot to win these cases. The burden of proof is on the person suing.