I think it is partial on dog/owner. I have made the mistake of spoiling them both rotten, my Pitt is 80 pounds & thinks she's a 10 pound lap dog & the boxer is nearing 100 pounds and I've taught him how to hug only he does it at the most in opportune times like walking through the door with grocerys lol but I wouldn't trade them for anything. My girl was NOT happy when I brought him home was pretty pissy about it the first 2 weeks now she has accepted him. My friend brought his female dog over & she was sniffing my boy and my female got all protective of him, kind of funny how she hated him & now she's his protector lol.