The ones I have been to, in my 30's, I've brought in goals. Yet, the focus primarily focused on dealing with the here and now, and they didn't bring up goals, that I recall. I don't recall goals, when I was 9/10 years old, just went in and talked. Maybe my dad had goals, I don't recall.
As a teen, early teens, I don't recall goals. Just went in and talked about what was going on in my life.
In my late teens, my mom brought me, to appease my dad, after I moved in with her. She was the type, that three sessions and done, when she heard what she wanted to hear, that my dad was the heart of what was troubling me.
In my early 20's, I went to an on-campus counselor, until their services ran out. I don't recall goal setting.
As aware as I am, about therapy, and I am always reading about goal setting, I've yet, to have a therapist ask me what my goals were. Perhaps, just hearing my life story was enough to keep me going in?

I do realize that to see a psychiatrist, they do ask, if we are in therapy. I wonder, if that is because when they are prescribing meds, it's symbolic that we are trying to overcome our anxieties, and insomnia, etc. Those appointments are few and far between, and maybe, just maybe, checking up with our therapists is a way to check to see that we aren't, you know, abusing our meds/? Just an offhanded thought there...speaking outloud, so to speak.

Your first round of goals, was to build self esteem and make a friend or two? Why is 10 sessions, all they will do, if you don't mind sharing? It can take 16 sessions alone to complete a CBT therapy session.