So sorry about your negative experiences. It sounds more like Marine training! If that one supervisor is tearing you apart and then 5 minutes later acts like she didn't, SHE's the one with the problem. She has issues in her own life and is taking them out on you in one of her tirades. This is exactly what an abusive spouse does, then sends flowers. She is a very sick individual.
When faced with situations like that I try to turn it around and inject some sort of humor into it. Maybe you and the supportive intern can secretly come up with silly nicknames for the supervisors. As the old saying goes, "life is 10% what happens to us and 90% of how we react to it." Try not to let them rent space in your head.
I've found that even a 15-minute brisk walk with some deep breathing can help shake some of it off. I figure if you're working on your doctorate, you don't have a whole lot of time to exercise!
Do some Googling on how to deal with a difficult boss and you will get some good tips.
I've been there with the "only a year" statements. It's times like that I wished I had a banana cream pie to throw in their faces!
Been there, done it. I feel for ya.