Your situation is similar to the relationship with a person suffering from depression. Slowly but surely their problems become your problems until you can't breathe anymore.
You shouldn't feel bad about yourself for dating him. It just shows you were willing to make a difficult situation work because you were dedicated to the relationship…that's actually an attractive quality to you despite the situation being unhealthy…but don't do it again.
So if you were to take that leap and start dating again, what would you do to make sure the relationship was healthy?