Okay, thank you. That helps a bit.

These are things that hopefully we learn as we grow up through living in a supportive environment. Even if that exists for a person, however, some people lack this "knowledge" to some extent due to their innate personality.

Others lack confidence, optimism, morals, etc. because they were raised in a very dysfunctional environment where these things were not modeled for them, or they were completely undermined by their experiences in life.