The "haze" of mania produced by excess PKC may be somewhat familiar to anybody who's ever been foggy after a really huge meal. The major difference between bipolar patients and people without bipolar disorder is that most people who have post-prandial high blood sugar tend to feel sleepy or otherwise relax. In contrast, those about to go into a manic episode will experience a burst of unlimited energy along with rapid and pressured action and speech, an overwhelming feeling of seeing it all, and a need to act NOW. Interestingly, both Wolfram syndrome and a rare form of bipolar disorder identified by Japanese scientists have been traced to defects in the endoplasmic reticulum, a cell structure with many jobs, including that of taking up glucose into the cell. This suggests that sugar metabolism may play a role in other types of bipolar disorder.