I'm sorry theantiquatedhousew... that's terrible, and I can't imagine how hard it's been for you to live with it for 15 years! Wow.
I don't know what his diagnosis would be, there are probably multiple categories he could fit under... but whatever it is, the end result is that it's emotionally abusive to you. You shouldn't have to live like that - you deserve to be loved and respected and treated with kindness from your spouse, not to feel like an embarrassment and constantly cut down. Nobody deserves that.
As to why you can't leave... is it possible that after 15 years, he's done such a number on your self-esteem that you don't feel like you can do better without him? That happens to many people, they feel stuck because they don't think they can support themselves, or they don't think they can find anyone better. Sometimes, people don't leave because the way they're treated actually feels safe and familiar, because they were brought up by parents who acted similarly

(so being treated well would actually be scary and unfamiliar).
Have you thought about talking to a therapist to get some insight and help with this?
*good luck* - you deserve better, but sometimes it's hard to figure out how to get there without some help!