Mathematics and Logic are the bedrock for philosophy. It's the tool for criticizing ideas. The one thing that we know what is universally true is mathematics. Pythagoras was the first to find this out, and Socrates and Plato owe a debt to him for this.

Logic will help you analyze and see fallacies that will ruin 24 hour tv news for you forever. Just remember, just because an argument may be valid doesn't make it true. Premises, which are the bedrock for any argument, which go untested and taken for granted may always be wrong.

Socrates is a man
all men are mortal
therefore Socrates is mortal.

That is valid but is Socrates really a man? Is there something within Socrates that lives on after death? These are the premises which might shake a valid logical argument

Then we can go about stating that all bachelors are unmarried men. This is a a deductive statement and a mere tautology and Hume says that this is just a truth about words. Its form of skepticism that separates the objective with the subjective.

Is a2 + b2 = c2? Is this a mere tautology, a truth about numbers? Put another way, is this a statement that was discovered and is true whether one thinks about it or not, or is it just a play on numbers that isn't external to us? Interesting that gluons and quartz come together based on number. Interesting that atoms made of electrons, neutrons and protons come together and in their relationship have a numerical basis. If we go further up the chart to the periodical table we find that it is governed by number too. So do numbers exist external of mind?

Vin diagrams are something that help us visualize problems.

All of this is healthy for the mind and help a rational creature become ever more rational. Still Beware, they hardly teach philosophy of mathematics because the mathematicians don't understand philosophy and the philosophers have trouble grasping mathematics. Mathematics and logic are always challenging. I would go on rateyourprofessor.com to see if he gets okay reviews first.

Intro for logic will stretch your mind. I hope your professor helps you visualize as much as possible. Also, if you get stuck I recommend watching youtube videos so you can see other people teach it in real time again if you get stuck. I used it for my Spanish classes and all my mathematics courses. It's good to see it done, its best to do it yourself. There's something about when you hand write something that it helps you remember and your mind will grapple it better. Also, at your school they might have a math center I would recommend.

I wish you the best, Newtus. If you can get through these wavy waters, then anything after will be much easier.