I think it's possible, not just due to transference - in that I don't think it's always about projecting feelings about someone else on to them. If you've had difficult attachment relationships or experienced abuse in close interpersonal relationships, the closeness and intimacy of the therapeutic relationship can in and of itself be quite triggering. It's happened with me where close relationship = abuse or rejection - not because one of my past relationships were like that but because so many were, I equated closeness with abuse generally. It takes a very skilled T to work through that.