You'll have to put in a transfer request to have your prescription transferred from your university's pharmacy to your new pharmacy, even if it's only temporary.
You legally cannot get a refill from this new pharmacy without transferring your prescription. If you didn't transfer your prescription, then you could technically get 3 refills from your university's pharmacy AND 3 refills from your new pharmacy, giving you a grand total of 6 refills.. This is because your new pharmacy and university pharmacy aren't capable of keeping track of where you get your refills.
Now, you don't need your doctor to put in a transfer request (and I kinda doubt they'd do it for you anyways, as it's not their job). your new pharmacy will ask your university's pharmacy to transfer the prescription over. They want your business, so they'll do all the dirty work for you; you just gotta ask. (I've done this before.)
Besides, legally speaking, your university's pharmacy will have to honor your transfer request anyways. They'll be violating HIPAA if they don't. So trust me, they will transfer it if you put in a request, and I believe they have to do it within a certain time frame, but I don't know what that time frame is. Also, I don't think the pharmacy can deny you without a valid, legal reason, so trust me when I say this: your new pharmacy will do it.
Hope that helps