Hi rgrad

I can understand how going through that might have made you feel very hurt, self-conscious, and made it difficult to trust others to a point
And there could have been any number of reasons why the teacher made those accusations.........that she expected you to do some tasks but with lack of a proper induction you weren't aware of them and she was annoyed or turning it the other way..........maybe you were really good at your job and she was resentful.............
But I am really pleased for you that things seem to be going better for you now with a more supportive supervisor, plus hopefully that means she will have a much more professional approach if any other accusations do come up including following processes like questioning you and taking into consideration any evidence you have!!
And I'd say that you were doing everything right that first time around...........you did have evidence...........you were "just" basically let down by those who should have been looking into the accusations.
So..........I'm kind of saying keep it up, now that you've got the support and professionalism you should have had back then
If you do have any issues e.g. insufficient/unclear inductions raise them with your supervisor as soon as you can. And it can be good to have them documented in meeting or emailed as evidence should anything come up later.
As for the other teachers you may work alongside.........keep up the good communication you're clearly establishing.............then if they do have any issues you can hopefully resolve them as quickly as possible between you.
And I'd maybe say check up on official guidelines/practices (which you probably are anyway!!) e.g. if other people are using their phones at particular times........it doesn't necessarily mean that they are following guidelines, so if someone else sees you doing what you've seen.........well they could see a breech there............
And rgrad..........let your skills speak for you too..........they're corroborating evidence too if an issue comes up...........by that I'm meaning, in meetings with your supervisor make sure you're letting her know how committed you are and your achievements.........sometimes people can be too quiet about them , but it will evidence what a good worker you are and to a point dispute any wrongful accusations............

And ultimately, despite what you've been through, try not to let that teacher hamper you in developing positive relationships with other colleagues and enjoying your work............that was one person and now..........well, you seem to have much better support systems

Alison