Though my experience was in ways different, I identified with the client blaming/shaming described in the OP. I experienced traumatic bonding. In my case it felt like an Authority Figure condemning me.

I process this personally by removing my therapists of their pedestals, remembering they could have been classmates who merely received a degree and are playing roles. They were not Authorities at anything. So the "meaness" I received from in fact had no more power than a clueless, misfit classmate bullying me. School bullies were punks after all. Unfortunately some therapists can be bullies.