I mostly brush without toothpaste. It is the brushing that takes the gunk away, not the toothpaste. Also if you can't stand the minty taste, I know I can't, try something else like kiddie toothpaste with bubblegum flavor or something.

It is fine to brush with just a dash of water and not spit. Actually many times it is better because you don't get fooled by the minty freshness if you missed a spot. People who brush this way tend to brush much better.