I think I would want to say no. But as others have said, it depends what you would label as "punishment", and the therapist and the client might have different perceptions of this.
For example, I think that in DBT, the T will usually speak to the client by phone outside of session if needed, but if the client harms themself, then the T will not speak to the client for a certain amount of time (I think a few days).
This could be seen as something cruel, and a "punishment", and the client might perceive it that way.
But the reason given is that DBT is to help people stop using harmful impulsive behaviour such as SI, because that will be better for them and for their life and their future. And so if the therapist spoke to the client on the phone straight after SI, they might be inadvertently rewarding a way of the client communicating upset through SI, whereas the therapist is trying to help them learn new patterns and healthier ways of communicating their pain.
I've never done DBT therapy, SI is not usually an issue for me, but a few times when it did happen, my T didn't refuse to speak to me. And if he had, I think I would certainly have perceived that as a punishment.
But on the other hand, in the cold light of day, I can understand why DBT therapy would work that way, and it makes sense. I don't think therapists would frame it as a punishment, but rather that they need to be careful to avoid reinforcing unhealthy patterns.