When 9/11 happened in the USA:

"Professional roles and boundaries were dropped to a large extent in the wake of the disaster... As Dr. Korn noted, however, the hug was not an extraordinary event on an extraordinary day of a psychotherapy process. It became a ritual ending to each session. **Hugs are not part of the psychotherapeutic frame, and the ritual hugging of a patient at the end of each session almost always suggests that something is awry in the therapist's countertransference."

Boundary Violations in Psychotherapy
Glen O. Gabbard
Psychiatric Times. 20.7 (July 1, 2003): p71.

Gale - Enter Product Login

*Please excuse my ignorance in not doing a proper link that most all of you are used to.