I have borderline personality disorder. The main issues for me are extreme fears that everyone in my life will leave me, very sudden and strong mood swings and suicidal ideation/self harm and intrusive memories/flashbacks from various trauma.

My therapy is mostly psychodynamic, plus some CBT and DBT.

I'm still in therapy, but so far I've seen improvements in: being able to say what I want, say no to things, have my own boundaries, feel like I don't need to rely on other people constantly. I learned tools to deal with my mood swings, and I self harm less, most of the time. Currently I'm working more on how to not be stuck in trauma responses all the time.

I've so far been in therapy for 1.5 years. I think I still have quite some time in therapy before I can say that the things I'd like to improve have improved enough. I do not expect to ever not feel this way anymore, to be 'healed'. For me it's more of a reduction of symptoms to a manageable level.

I think how well therapy works depends on various factors. On the one hand there's the actual issue. For example you say you struggle with anxiety, insomnia and depression. Some people might already feel it's enough to have 10 sessions of CBT where they learn how to influence their feelings more. And after that they might not have any symptoms at all anymore. Some people might feel this way because they were abused for years, they might take longer to recover, and recovery might look more like being able to deal with the feelings than to just not have them.
It might also depend on the exact type of therapy you do, the therapist and how long you go to therapy for.

I agree with other people that if you feel that therapy doesn't help you the way you'd like it to, it's worth looking into other options. Some people like to deal with their issues by talking to someone. But others can find more use in sports, art or some other form of occupation.