The short answer to your question is that there IS no specific way to work on those issues. They are way too broad and deeply connected with your entire psychology starting with childhood traumas, as well as your general outlook on life and relationships, to craft some specific method on working on them. They get worked out as you work on your entire life.

I understand that this doesn't help and doesn't explain much, but that's just the reality. Any therapist who tells you that they know the exact method of how to work on those issues is a fraud.

Everyone finds their own way to work on them as they struggle through them. Kori-kiwi described their way. I've had my own and everyone else has had their own. Those issues are universal. Everyone has them. I don't believe there is any human being that hasn't experienced some sort of abandonment and who has had a perfectly secure attachment in relationships.

Resolving those issues has a lot to do with the change of the self-image and the perspective on life, which is a work for a life time, and it's the one that is never complete.