Not exactly. Each day of the calendar in countries that celebrate name days has a name or names associated with them. The origin is from saint's days. Think St. Valentine's Day or the Feast of Saint Martin - mostly Catholic- based saint days. So if the day is the day of Martin or Martina, people recognize all Martins and Martinas on that day. Everyone in the countries who celebrate name days know what names are when, especially the most common names. There is usually some level of celebration for the name day persons.

Countries who celebrate name days also celebrate people's birthdays. However, sometimes not everyone knows everyone's birthday, unless a friend or relative, but on a day for John, if you know a person's name is John, you'd say "Happy Name Day" to John in such countries.