Sadly, often the kind of thinking you are talking about is taught to someone. It is also something actually taught in school where a student is expected to feel good about getting everything right and feeling bad about whatever they did not get right. People often handed back tests and papers marked with red that can send a message to a young mind "your work is not good enough it's all ruined now with these red marks".

It's important that when you come across this kind of individual you are getting from them what they were actually taught to think. It could have come from a parent or from teachers they experienced while they were trying to learn.