Did this harm cause the person to lose their job? Or just 'lose face' within their social circle?

You did the right thing to apologize. What you can't control is other people's reactions. That's the hard part in these situations -- the fallout of other people's reactions.

I'm sorry that this happened. No one is perfect. You feel bad and you apologized. There's nothing more you can do except maybe some introspection as to why you did what you did.

Eventually everyone's feelings will calm down and it will be ok. Hang in there.