http://tigger.uic.edu/~lnucci/MoralE...tml#conclusion

Development of morality is scientifically studied. See Piaget, Kohlberg, etc.

One idea in at least some of these theories of moral development is that it matters less what moral decisions are reached as how one reaches those decisions. Kohlberg outlines a stage theory in which children or individuals at lower stages choose based on there being a rule which one may be punished for breaking. Progressing through the stages, one begins to consider potential benefits or costs, reciprocity, social value ("being good"), social norms, social impact, and finally one's sense of higher values. Each theory has implications for education - focus on teaching values vs. teaching fairness and problem-solving.

For many people, religion is part of how values and morality are developed. The argument can be made that everyone has values and religion of some kind, although they may call it something else, and not everybody has the same values and religion. Everyone develops a way of living based on a set of values, whatever they may be.