I think DPM's answer (which is good) is one of the concerns that is commonly explored when therapists work with a patient who is potentially gender dysphoric. There are a lot of gender roles that exist in any society, and first one must really examine whether the way that one self-identifies is actually something that can be resolved by changing one's attitudes towards the established social norms rather than changing the body.

(i.e., "Do I feel like a woman even though I was born a man? [whatever that means -- it's hard to solidify] vs. "Do I categorize myself as female because I do and feel things i think society says only females usually experience? And is society's definition accurate? Can I still be a male who is happy in a male body, who possesses socially feminine traits?")

There are men who are happy as men despite possessing some typically "feminine" traits and vice versa. And there are also transpeople.

This is a determination that a therapist (someone who has experience with trans patients or specialized training) should be involved with, before more drastic steps are taken to change the body in some way. Not only is the goal to find the "best solution" for someone with the least amount of disturbance to one's life (and the life of family), but also the last thing anyone would want would be to being or even finish such a transition and then realize they're still unhappy, haven't dealt with whatever the core issues were, and might have additional issues now on top of things.