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Dec 08, 2008, 06:00 PM
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This might be helpful as well.
Diagnostic Criteria for Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Edition, Text Revision
(DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000a) defines the
following diagnostic criteria for Dissociative Identity Disorder (300.14):
A. The presence of two or more distinct identities or personality
states (each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving,
relating to, and thinking about the environment and self).
B. At least two of these identities or personality states recurrently
take control of the person’s behavior.
C. Inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive
to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness.
D. The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a
substance (e.g., blackouts or chaotic behavior during Alcohol Intoxication)
or a general medical condition (e.g., complex partial
seizures). Note: In children, the symptoms are not attributable to
imaginary playmates or other fantasy play.
It is outside the scope of these Guidelines to provide a comprehensive
discussion of current theories concerning the development of the alternate
identities in DID (see Loewenstein & Putnam, 2004; and Putnam,
1997 for a more complete discussion).
Briefly, however, many believe that alternate identities result from the inability of many traumatized children to develop a unified sense of self that is maintained across various behavioral states, particularly if the traumas occur before the age of five.
DID develops during the course of childhood and rarely, if ever, derives from adult-onset trauma (unless it is superimposed on pre-existing childhood trauma).
Traumatic experiences, particularly severe, repetitive trauma, produce extreme states of experiences in the child.
Simultaneously, development of discrete, personified “behavioral states” in the child are thought to encapsulate intolerable traumatic memories and affects to mitigate their effects on overall development.
http://www.isst-d.org/education/Adul...D-JTD-2005.pdf
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