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Member Since May 2007
Location: England
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In psychiatry
[color=navy]Dysphoria worsens episodes of hypomania 21 April 2008 MedWire News: Individuals who have experienced an episode of dysphoric hypomania with co-occurring manic and melancholic symptoms are more likely to have a full-blown depressive or personality disorder and show poorer social functioning than people who report hypomania without dysphoria, a US study has found. "This epidemiological study suggests that dysphoric hypomania is a more severe, disabling, and chronic mood disorder compared to hypomania without dysphoric hypomania," comment Vito Agosti (New York State Psychiatric Institute) and Jonathan Stewart (Columbia University, New York) in the Journal of Affective Disorders. Noting that there has been increased interest in mixed psychiatric states, the researchers examined data from The National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, which included brief interviews with 43,093 civilian, noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 years or older. The interview included an assessment with the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV Version (ADAUDIS-IV) to detect mood episodes including hypomania. Respondents who met AUDADIS-IV criteria for hypomania and affirmed that their mood had frequently shifted from "extreme" irritability, excitability, or elation to "extreme" sadness or apathy for at least 1 week during a hypomanic episode were defined as having dysphoric hypomania. Individuals who had lifetime episode of dysphoric hypomania were less likely to have married, to have graduated from college, and to be working full-time and earning more than $30,000 (€19,080) compared with individuals who had lifetime episode of hypomania without dysphoria. Compared with hypomania alone, dysphoric hypomania was associated with a two-four fold greater chance of having depressive, drug use, personality, and anxiety disorders. Furthermore, the severity of depression was considerably greater with dysphoric hypomania than hypomania alone, as evidenced by a significantly higher rate of suicide attempts and treatment seeking behavior. Discussing their findings, Agosti and Stewart note that DSM-IV criteria does not recognize hypomania, which occurs outside the context of major depression, yet their study found that 41% of the sub-sample with hypomania did not have a lifetime episode of major depression. "This suggests that the occurrence of hypomania without major depression is considerable, and worthy of further study," they comment.</font> As Hagop would say would say oputside of being euthymic i'm predominantly , in a ' high fear low anger state of mind' (depression) or a 'high anger high fear state of mind(mixed) than a classically manic ie 'low fear and high anger state of mind'. That whole dysphoria and emotional lability thing straddles a controversial area between being defined as mood disordered or personality disordered and indeed elicits less sympathy and a lesser level of understanding than being depressed or euphoric . |
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